Next-Generation Information Systems Architectures

A document describes a paradigm in which low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with wireless communication capability are used to assist networking among a set of ground stations. This new paradigm is attractive because UAVs can be dynamically deployed in a wide variety of geographical territories. Furthermore, UAVs often have high-quality line-of-sight communication links with other UAVs, and ground stations as aerial links usually suffer relatively little shadowing compared with their terrestrial counterparts.

The paradigm uses a UAV networking testbed that includes a set of efficient tools for trace collection and data visualization. Using regression and non-parametric statistical analysis, the prediction capabilities of several existing models are compared and quantified that take into account factors including distance, antenna gain pattern, antenna cross polarization, and, in some cases, ground reflection.

The fundamental reasons that prevent the performance of a wireless ad-hoc network from scaling up for high-throughput applications over a wide geographical area of interest are analyzed. The culprit is found to be the multi-radio and multi-hop interference. A number of solutions is provided to combat interference and validate the efficacy of these solutions via field experimentation. The withstanding problem due to multi-hop interference will vanish if an extra dimension of physical mobility of data-ferrying UAVs is introduced into the solution space.

This work was done by H.T. Kung of Harvard University, and Dan Hague and Bruce Suter of the Air Force Research Laboratory.

AFRL-0113



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Next-Generation Information Systems Architectures

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Defense Tech Briefs Magazine

This article first appeared in the April, 2009 issue of Defense Tech Briefs Magazine (Vol. 3 No. 2).

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Overview

The document titled "Next Generation Information Systems Architectures," authored by H.T. Kung and published in July 2008, presents findings from a project focused on enhancing wireless communication through innovative networking paradigms, particularly utilizing low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The report emphasizes the integration of cost-effective Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) equipment and the development of new networking protocols designed to improve communication efficiency among stationary and mobile ground stations.

Key highlights of the report include the exploration of interference-resilient medium access control (MAC) schemes, which are crucial for maintaining reliable communication in challenging environments. The project involved extensive field experimentation, yielding substantial measurement data that supports future design activities, such as optimizing flight paths for UAVs to enhance throughput.

The document also discusses the implications of integrating Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) into telecommunication systems. It outlines the benefits of WLAN-enabled handsets, which allow users to access high-bandwidth internet connections at lower costs by automatically rerouting from traditional cellular networks to WLANs when available. This capability is particularly relevant for downloading large files, such as videos, efficiently.

Furthermore, the report addresses regulatory considerations necessary for the effective deployment of WLAN technologies. It highlights the need for new regulations to manage public unlicensed spectrums and to prevent malicious interference in WLAN environments. The document suggests that as technology advances, WLANs could achieve speeds exceeding one gigabit per second, necessitating additional spectrum allocation to support increased bandwidth and quality of service.

The report concludes by emphasizing the transformative potential of integrating WLANs into telecommunication systems, which promises significant benefits for end users. It advocates for the development of schemes to manage multiple telephone numbers on WLAN-enabled devices, facilitating convergence across various communication platforms.

Overall, this document serves as a comprehensive resource for understanding the advancements in information systems architectures, particularly in the context of UAV networking and WLAN integration, and provides insights into future directions for research and regulatory frameworks in these areas.