Glassy Electrolyte Holds Promise for an All-Solid-State Sodium Battery

A potential alternate to lithium-ion batteries could support long-duration grid-scale energy storage.

September 1, 2022

University of Houston, TX

Yan Yao and Ye Zhang work with all-solid-state sodium batteries. (Image: University of Houston)

Lithium-ion batteries are currently the preferred technology for powering electric vehicles, but they’re too expensive for long-duration grid-scale energy storage systems. As governments and industries are eager to find energy storage options to power the clean energy transition, new research conducted at the University of Houston suggests ambient temperature solid-state sodium-sulfur battery technology as a viable alternative to lithium-based battery technology for grid-level energy storage systems.

Yan Yao, Cullen Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and his colleagues have developed a homogeneous glassy electrolyte that enables reversible sodium plating and stripping at a greater current density than previously possible.

“The quest for new solid electrolytes for all-solid sodium batteries must concurrently be low cost, easily fabricated, and have incredible mechanical and chemical stability,” said Yao, who is also Principal Investigator of the Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston. “To date, no single sodium solid electrolyte has been able to achieve all four of these requirements at the same time.”

The researchers found a novel form of oxysulfide glass electrolyte that has the potential to satisfy all of these requirements at the same time. A high-energy ball milling process was used to create the electrolytes at room temperature.

“The oxysulfide glass has a distinct microstructure, resulting in a completely homogeneous glass structure,” said Ye Zhang, who works as a Research Associate in Yao’s group. “At the interface between sodium metal and the electrolyte, the solid electrolyte forms a self-passivating interphase that is essential for reversible plating and stripping of sodium.”

It has proven difficult to achieve stable plating and stripping of sodium metal using a sulfide electrolyte.

“Our study overturned this perception by establishing not only the highest critical current density among all Na-ion conducting sulfide-based solid electrolytes, but also enabling high-performance ambient-temperature sodium-sulfur batteries,” Yao explained.

“The new structural and compositional design strategies presented in this work provide a new paradigm in the development of safe, low-cost, energy-dense, and long-lifetime solid-state sodium batteries,” Zhang added.

For more information, contact Mike Emery at This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.; 713-743-7197.